Primary MTD can be associated with stress and anxiety. In the case of secondary MTD, the muscle tension is thought to be the body’s natural compensatory process to adjust for the vocal injury. This imbalance can be seen without any anatomical abnormality (primary MTD) or in the presence of an anatomical abnormality (secondary MTD). The term “muscle tension dysphonia” is a general term for an imbalance in the coordination of the muscles and breathing patterns needed to create voice. ![]() Understanding the Disorder Muscle Tension Dysphonia (MTD)
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